LenteraInspiratif.id | Sejarah – Hari Anak, yang dirayakan setiap tahun pada tanggal 20 November, adalah momen yang spesial untuk memfokuskan perhatian pada anak-anak dan hak-hak mereka. Hari ini tidak hanya menjadi waktu untuk merayakan keunikan setiap anak, tetapi juga untuk mempromosikan kesejahteraan dan perkembangan positif mereka di seluruh dunia. Mari kita jelajahi makna Hari Anak, mengingat perjalanan hak anak, dan menyajikan cara-cara yang dapat kita lakukan untuk mendukung generasi mendatang.
Mengapa Hari Anak Penting?
Hari Anak mencerminkan komitmen global untuk memastikan setiap anak memiliki hak yang dihormati, termasuk hak untuk hidup, berkembang, bermain, dan belajar. Menetapkan hari khusus untuk anak-anak memberikan kesempatan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang isu-isu yang dihadapi anak-anak, termasuk ketidaksetaraan, kekerasan, dan akses terbatas terhadap pendidikan.
Sejarah Hari Anak:
Hari Anak ditetapkan oleh Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) pada 1954, yang menggarisbawahi pentingnya hak anak dan memberikan mereka perlindungan khusus. Tanggal 20 November dipilih untuk memperingati penetapan Deklarasi Hak Anak Internasional pada 1959. Adapun teks deklarasi tersebut berisi:
- Anak harus memperoleh sarana yang diperlukan bagi tumbuh kembang normalnya, baik dari segi material maupun spiritual.
- Anak harus diberi makan saat lapar, disusui ketika sedang sakit, menolong anak yang terbelakang, memulangkan anak yang nakal, serta menolong dan memberi naungan terhadap anak yatim maupun anak terlantar.
- Anak harus menjadi prioritas utama untuk mendapatkan pertolongan ketika mengalami kesusahan.
- Anak harus dilindungi dari berbagai bentuk eksploitasi dan ditempatkan pada posisi untuk mencari penghidupan.
- Anak harus dibesarkan, dididik, dan diajarkan bahwa bakat yang dimilikinya bertujuan untuk menolong sesama.
Setelah itu, pada 20 November 1989, Majelis Umum PBB juga mengadopsi Konvensi Hak Anak. Konvensi ini merupakan bentuk perjanjian hak asasi manusia terkait hak sipil, ekonomi, politik, kesehatan, sosial, serta budaya anak-anak.
Dokumen tersebut juga berkaitan dengan kebutuhan anak-anak. Maka dari itu, setiap negara yang meratifikasinya telah terikat oleh hukum internasional demi menjaga kepentingan anak-anak.
Akhirnya, pada 1990, PBB mengumumkan bahwa Hari Anak Sedunia diperingati setiap tanggan 20 November untuk menandai adopsi Deklarasi dan Konvensi Hak Anak.
Tema Hari Anak Sedunia 2023
Ada tema spesial yang diusung pada peringatan Hari Anak Sedunia 2023, yakni “For Every Child, Every Right” yang artinya ‘Bagi Setiap Anak, Setiap Hak’. Dijelaskan oleh situs resmi UNICEF bahwa setiap anak memiliki hak atas beberapa hal, yakni
- setiap anak di mana saja berhak hidup dalam dunia yang damai;
- setiap anak berhak atas planet yang aman dan layak huni; serta
- setiap anak wajib didengarkan dan diikutsertakan dalam semua pengambilan keputusan yang akan memengaruhi mereka.
Kesimpulan
Hari Anak adalah kesempatan untuk merayakan keceriaan, keunikan, dan potensi setiap anak di seluruh dunia. Dengan memahami sejarah dan hak anak, kita dapat bersama-sama menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung perkembangan positif mereka. Melibatkan diri dalam upaya-upaya lokal dan global untuk mendukung anak-anak adalah langkah penting dalam menciptakan dunia yang lebih baik bagi mereka. Mari kita bersatu dalam tekad untuk memastikan hak-hak anak dihormati dan mereka memiliki kesempatan yang setara untuk tumbuh dan berkembang. (met)
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